Coolant leak detection and repair
Is your car overheating and a colored puddle is forming under the engine? It is probably a engine coolant leak, a problem that can quickly lead to costly repairs if not fixed.
Learn how to detect and repair a fluid leak, as well as practical tips to prevent it from reappearing!
What is engine coolant used for?
Coolant, or antifreeze, is a valuable ally for your engine. Its main mission is to maintain an ideal temperature and prevent the engine from overheating in summer, or freezing in winter.
The cooling system therefore plays an essential role: it protects your engine by regulating its temperature and preventing breakdowns. A leak, even a small one, can disrupt this balance and cause considerable damage.
Combined with these key functions, the coolant offers other benefits:
- Corrosion prevention: it protects the metal components of the engine against wear.
- Lubrication of moving parts: it ensures the proper functioning of the water pump and other fragile elements.
The different types of coolants
Not all coolants are created equal. Among the different categories available on the market, we find in particular:
- Ethylene glycol-based fluids (very common).
- Propylene glycol-based fluids, more environmentally friendly.
- Organic versions (OAT), suitable for modern vehicles.
Always use the type of fluid recommended by your manufacturer to avoid any risk of damage to the system.
What causes a coolant leak?
Leaks can occur for a variety of reasons. Typically, they are often related to natural wear and tear of cooling system components.
The hoses are cracked
Hoses are one of the most vulnerable components. Over time, these rubber pipes crack due to heat and pressure. If you notice cracking or seepage, it’s time to replace them!
The radiator or water pump is damaged
The radiator is another potential point of failure. Exposed to the elements, it can corrode or crack, leading to a leak. Likewise, a faulty water pump or an ill-fitting radiator cap can cause fluid loss.
The cylinder head gasket is damaged or torn
Finally, a more serious problem like a head gasket can create a mixture of oil and coolant, which seriously affects the operation of the engine. This type of failure is often caused by engine overheating or excessive pressure. When it occurs, it can cause internal leaks, white smoke, and a loss of engine performance.
Antifreeze leak: Warning signs
Do you suspect a coolant leak in your car’s engine? To help you see things more clearly, here are some symptoms to watch for:
- A steady drop in the fluid level in the expansion tank.
- Colored puddles (green, red or orange) under the vehicle.
- A engine light or an overheating warning on the dashboard.
- White smoke coming out of the engine.
- Unusual sweet smell around the hood.
It is important not to ignore these signs, because a small leak can quickly become problematic.
Detecting the source of the leak: the steps to follow
Pinpointing the exact source of a coolant leak may seem complex, but with the right method, it’s much easier! By following these steps, you’ll be able to locate the leak quickly and determine if a repair is necessary:
- Visual inspection: Inspect the hoses, radiator and water pump. Look for fluid leaks, corrosion or cracks.
- The UV leak detector: Add a fluorescent tracer to the coolant, then shine a UV lamp on the engine to locate the source of the problem.
- The cardboard test: Slide a sheet of cardboard under the engine and leave it there for a few hours. You will be able to see where the fluid is leaking.
- Observing the engine while it is running: Run the engine while it is stationary and check for any leaks under pressure.
Practical solutions to repair a fluid leak
Have you detected a leak? Don’t panic, there are several solutions available to you depending on the severity of the problem.
Simple repairs to consider:
- Tighten hose clamps.
- Replace a worn radiator cap.
- Use a stop-leak product to seal small cracks (carefully).
More complex interventions:
- Replace a damaged hose, cracked radiator or faulty water pump.
- Have repairs done by a professional, especially for head gasket issues.
Beware of stop-leak products: They can be a temporary solution, but they are not suitable for major leaks or structural problems, such as a cracked radiator or a faulty water pump.
Coolant leak: our prevention tips
The best defense against a leak? Regular maintenance of your vehicle. To do this, here are some good practices to adopt:
- Check the coolant level frequently: make sure it is always at the right level in the expansion tank.
- Inspect the cooling system: check the condition of the hoses, radiator and connections.
- Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations: change the coolant at the specified interval, and always use the correct type of coolant.
These simple steps will help you extend the life of your engine and avoid costly repairs.
When to call a professional?
Some problems require the expertise of an experienced mechanic. If the leak persists despite your attempts, or if alarming signs appear (e.g. a mixture of oil and coolant, dense smoke or unusual noises coming from the engine), it is best not to wait.
Entrusting your vehicle to a professional is not only a reliable solution, it is also a wise investment to prevent the situation from getting worse. The intervention of an expert can make all the difference in protecting your engine and giving you lasting peace of mind!
Entrust your vehicle to the experts at Trans-Mico Automotive
A coolant leak may seem trivial at first, but it can quickly escalate if left untreated. Contact us today at (514) 683-0091 for an accurate diagnosis and fast repair!
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Sources :
OOVANGO. Fuite liquide de refroidissement : détection, causes et solutions! [Coolant leak: detection, causes and solutions!]. 2023.